Black scurf is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani, which can exist in the soil in the absence of potatoes. It does not feed on the tubers, and stored
Tubers are swollen, usually underground, parts of a stem or root used to store food by the plant. They have buds that can produce new plants. Examples are tuberous begonia, cyclamen, dahlia and potato.
Stem canker is caused by the same fungus, but symptoms appear on the developing shoots instead.